To measure Shading Factor, fshade (Exanple in Energy Hub - Step 3 Acceptance Ratio), product Solar Pathfinder can be used.
Product Page: Solar Pathfinder - Solar Pathfinder
Magnetic declination adjustment
Magnetic declination (also called magnetic variation) is the angle between magnetic north and true north.
Changes depending on location.
May calculate through NCEI Geomagnetic Calculators
In Malaysia, the magnetic declination is around 0°
Use the compass to determine North and South direction.
You face South direction. Solar Pathfinder will be set up in front of you.
Attach tripod to the base.
Extend the tripod to maximum length.
Adjust the tripod (shorten each tripod leg if need) to ensure the base in horizontal position.
Attach the solar pathfinder diagram to the instrument section.
Adjust the white dot according to magnetic declination in Step 1.
Cover the instrument section with dome.
The dome shading cover Solar Disk right side (PM) is recommended.
The dome shading side will have text "SOLAR PATHFINDER".
Adjust compass.
Adjust bubble till inside the circle
Tips: If bubble out of left side of circle, push the instrument section from left side.
Checklist
Compass in right position
Bubble within circle
Coordinate of sun = LST on solar pathfinder diagram
For example, in Malaysia, the LST generally is one hour earlier to LT.
So if LT is 3pm, the sun will appear at 2pm on solar pathfinder diagram.
Capture a photo
Video Source: Solar Pathfinder - Pathfinder
Refer 0:57s - 1:42s in the video for hardware setup
Video Source: Solar Pathfinder - Pathfinder Overview
May find through different source
In this article will use JRC Photovoltaic Geographical Information System (PVGIS) - European Commission
funshade = Sum of Havailable / Sum of H
funshade = 1532.27 / 1653 = 0.927
Similar to Step 2 Peak Sun Hour >> 2.1 Predicted plane-of-array PSH per annum
PSHavailable Peak sun hour, hours when solar irradiance at 1000 W/m² (1 kW/m²), which is considered "full sun" (hour)
Havailable From Step 2.4 table
Gstc Constant. 1000 W/m²
T Duration
Annual average daily PSH
Annual average daily PSH for Jan
Magnetic declination - Wikipedia
Fundamental of Solar Photovoltaics Technology - SEDA Malaysia- 3rd edition 2023
Example 4.7
SEDA GCPV All Practical Manual
Shading Profile
SEDA GCPV Tutorial Fundamental - 28 Nov 2024
Basic Solar Engineering - Question 12 Quantifying Solar Energy