To avoid power fluctuation during peak sun hours, each country has own standard of maximum allowable AC power limit injected into the grid.
Pmax STC = 200W
Residential house
Single phase supply
Pout max under Malaysia NEM 3.0 scheme:
Single-phase system = 4 kW ac
Three-phase system = 10 kW ac
It's the differences to Energy Hub - Step 7 Maximum Demand Constraint
PA STC PV array capacity (W)
Pout max Maximum allowable AC power limit injected into the gird by the authority , ≠ PmaxSTC (W)
f1 DC/AC ratio. Typically, 1.11, refer to Energy Hub - Step 2 Choose Inverter (f1 Ratio) (decimal)
Nt ac pwr Total number of PV modules based on AC power limit (units)
Pmax STC Peak power of PV module at STC (W)
Maximum 22 units of PV modules can be installed which fulfilled Malaysia NEM 3.0 scheme.
26 units of PV modules may generate power which higher than maximum power rating of inverter.
If the power that generated from PV modules > maximum power rating of inverter, the inverter will clamp or clips to limit AC power flow into grid.
Refer to Step 1 Choose Inverter
Design And Sizing of Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Power System - SEDA Malaysia- 4th Published 2023
Example 3.5
Example 3.6
SEDA GCPV Tutorial Design - Nov 2024
1. Dimensioning of PV array - Question 8